*** VII. State Level Data on Disability ***
Table 41. Number of Children 6-21 Served Under Chapter 1 of ESEA (SOP) and
EHA-B by Handicapping Condition: During School Year 1988-1989
** Highlights
During the 1988-89 school year a total of 4,190,515 children in the U.S. and
insular areas, ages 6-21 were provided special education under P.L. 94-142
and P.L. 89-313.
Almost half, 47.7 percent, were classified as learning disabled. Speech
impairments affected 968,908, the second most frequently occurring condition
covered by the program. The mentally retarded and emotionally disturbed
accounted for 13.9 percent and 9.0 percent, respectively. Hard of
hearing/deaf, multi-handicapped, orthopedically impaired, other health
impaired, visually handicapped, and deaf/blind each accounted for 2 percent
or less of the special education student population.
Relative rankings of states within and among handicapping conditions are
subject to considerable variation related in part to differences in student
populations, classification procedures, and data reporting practices among
the states.
** Explanatory Notes
This table presents data on students who were served under the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965, commonly called Chapter 1 of ESEA (State
Operated Programs) and Part B of the Education of the Handicapped Act
(EHA-B). One intent of this legislation is to provide a free public
education for all handicapped students. Amendments to the legislation have
extended coverage of the bills to all children; however, published condition-
related data were available for only school age children 6-21 years old.
Table 34, above, uses published data for school year 1987-88 (the most recent
which identifies both the educational environment and disabling conditions);
however, Table 41 only covers conditions for school year 1988-89 which was
the most recent published data in this regard.
The category "other health impaired" pertains to those children with any
chronic or acute health condition that adversely affects their educational
performance but is not defined by the specific condition categories.
Table 41. Number of Children and Youth 6-21 Served Under
the Education of the Handicapped Act Chapter 1 of ESEA (SOP) and
(EHA-B) by Handicapping Condition
During School Year 1988-1989
State
All Learning Speech Mentally Emotionally
Conditions Disabled Impaired Retarded Disturbed
Alabama 94,963 32,292 22,507 30,122 6,310
Alaska 12,982 6,985 2,771 1,978 561
Arizona 51,360 28,992 11,435 4,261 3,350
Arkansas 43,202 23,154 6,789 11,150 321
California 397,342 237,648 91,162 24,097 11,598
Colorado 48,668 23,755 7,802 3,235 8,867
Connecticut 58,050 31,011 9,021 3,816 11,671
Delaware 12,262 6,925 1,586 1,241 1,754
District of Columbia 6,626 3,194 1,021 1,066 943
Florida 193,857 82,188 58,039 24,747 21,985
Georgia 86,706 25,430 18,421 22,676 17,458
Hawaii 11,554 6,539 2,081 1,194 785
Idaho 18,331 10,449 3,140 2,848 486
Illinois 222,238 102,848 55,712 26,865 27,728
Indiana 101,187 38,514 35,264 19,758 4,433
Iowa 51,594 22,817 9,293 10,471 6,569
Kansas 39,444 16,548 10,832 5,618 4,392
Kentucky 67,270 21,788 21,338 18,201 2,854
Louisiana 62,510 25,220 18,219 10,566 3,774
Maine 25,114 10,985 5,490 2,789 4,029
Maryland 83,019 42,418 24,355 5,598 4,130
Massachusetts 133,874 47,207 30,712 28,341 18,435
Michigan 147,669 65,677 32,955 20,067 19,796
Minnesota 73,108 34,707 13,831 10,471 10,699
Mississippi 54,045 26,280 17,397 8,525 238
Missouri 96,142 45,152 25,010 15,099 8,058
Montana 13,952 7,779 3,470 1,125 624
Nebraska 28,754 12,458 7,514 4,289 2,430
Nevada 14,536 8,784 3,011 1,076 875
New Hampshire 16,406 10,043 2,709 991 1,626
New Jersey 158,745 80,152 49,315 6,071 14,176
New Mexico 30,017 14,385 8,684 2,086 3,147
New York 269,580 160,024 23,885 22,619 43,745
North Carolina 106,044 45,904 23,500 20,929 9,070
North Dakota 11,199 5,358 3,477 1,519 429
Ohio 190,402 74,263 49,547 43,286 7,578
Oklahoma 58,910 28,033 15,472 11,341 1,450
Oregon 45,794 24,685 11,508 3,598 2,763
Pennsylvania 190,406 80,939 51,332 34,949 17,869
Puerto Rico 33,040 10,021 1,277 16,214 910
Rhode Island 18,185 12,089 2,914 1,027 1,451
South Carolina 68,814 27,211 17,801 15,090 6,075
South Dakota 12,533 5,640 3,728 1,575 532
Tennessee 94,997 49,250 22,814 13,420 2,492
Texas 296,410 167,419 58,492 24,412 23,941
Utah 40,036 17,637 7,449 3,266 9,114
Vermont 11,680 5,063 3,365 1,693 881
Virginia 96,652 49,340 22,551 13,163 7,718
Washington 66,825 34,738 12,240 7,402 4,251
West Virginia 41,549 18,986 10,636 8,556 2,275
Wisconsin 68,630 23,226 12,859 4,958 10,003
Wyoming 9,361 5,056 2,469 690 564
American Samoa 286 0 104 153 3
Guam 1,604 792 124 479 35
Northern Marianas 700 135 228 110 7
Trust Territories 191 35 13 9 1
Virgin Islands 1,160 254 237 569 36
U.S. & Insular Areas 4,190,515 1,998,422 968,908 581,465 377,295
50 States, D.C. & P.R. 4,186,574 1,997,206 968,202 580,145 377,213
Data as of October 1, 1989
Note: Conditions are not published for children ages 3-5.
Source: U.S. Department of Education, Twelfth Annual Report to
Congress on the Implementation of The Education of the
Handicapped Act (1990), Table AA4.
Table 41 (Continued). Number of Children and Youth
6-21 Served Under the Education of the Handicapped Act Chapter 1 of
ESEA (SOP) and (EHA-B) by Handicapping Condition
During School Year 1988-1989
Hard of Multi- Orthoped Other Visually
Hearing Handi- -ically Health Handi- Deaf-
State & Deaf capped Impaired Impaired capped Blind
Alabama 964 1,033 535 734 439 27
Alaska 142 294 86 123 41 1
Arizona 959 1,297 445 378 243 0
Arkansas 562 562 143 256 212 53
California 6,658 5,318 6,602 11,636 2,482 141
Colorado 783 3,141 752 0 254 79
Connecticut 628 885 246 323 424 25
Delaware 158 149 229 128 65 27
District of Columbia 39 173 80 59 44 7
Florida 1,591 0 2,043 2,488 755 21
Georgia 1,136 0 749 355 461 20
Hawaii 251 211 273 133 77 10
Idaho 287 228 312 520 61 0
Illinois 2,970 160 2,992 1,795 1,117 51
Indiana 1,152 804 555 136 536 35
Iowa 721 573 941 1 176 32
Kansas 611 553 411 208 224 47
Kentucky 835 1,069 434 266 478 7
Louisiana 1,230 822 919 1,321 419 20
Maine 288 914 231 286 94 8
Maryland 1,259 2,913 639 925 712 70
Massachusetts 1,893 2,964 1,485 1,889 812 136
Michigan 2,407 1,766 3,564 676 761 0
Minnesota 1,327 149 1,159 378 358 29
Mississippi 459 291 663 0 183 9
Missouri 900 434 726 427 282 54
Montana 206 309 97 176 157 9
Nebraska 478 382 642 372 186 3
Nevada 138 267 209 106 68 2
New Hampshire 216 245 151 321 97 7
New Jersey 1,301 6,172 569 524 396 69
New Mexico 394 592 510 75 118 26
New York 3,676 9,106 1,899 3,276 1,316 34
North Carolina 1,775 1,327 889 2,058 573 19
North Dakota 158 0 112 69 64 13
Ohio 2,075 9,152 3,599 0 896 6
Oklahoma 621 1,292 285 136 244 36
Oregon 1,060 0 836 999 329 16
Pennsylvania 2,734 0 1,393 0 1,184 6
Puerto Rico 1,068 1,715 451 739 586 59
Rhode Island 163 80 148 240 68 5
South Carolina 963 376 721 145 422 10
South Dakota 290 415 175 89 52 37
Tennessee 1,520 1,852 904 1,824 897 24
Texas 4,181 3,860 3,627 8,651 1,761 66
Utah 590 1,162 248 329 197 44
Vermont 195 150 129 145 46 13
Virginia 1,181 989 646 498 555 11
Washington 1,501 2,006 938 3,434 271 44
West Virginia 374 2 327 150 227 16
Wisconsin 217 16,521 402 210 225 9
Wyoming 161 1 146 220 52 2
American Samoa 16 5 2 0 2 1
Guam 29 93 24 10 11 7
Northern Marianas 25 81 83 11 7 13
Trust Territories 20 1 11 89 12 0
Virgin Islands 19 14 5 12 14 0
U.S. and Insular Areas 57,555 84,870 47,392 50,349 22,743 1,516
50 States, D.C. & P.R. 57,446 84,876 47,267 50,227 22,697 1,495
Data as of October 1, 1989
Note: Conditions are not published for children ages 3-5.
Source: U.S. Department of Education, Twelfth Annual Report to
Congress on the Implementation of The Education of the Handicapped
Act (1990), Table AA4.
Table 42.Persons Receiving Federally Administered Supplemental Security
Income (SSI) Payments for the Blind and Disabled and Social Security
Disability Insurance Benefits, by State 1989
** Highlights
At the end of 1989, 3.2 million blind and disabled adults and children were
receiving federally administered Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments.
Among the adults, 2.8 million were disabled and nearly 75,000 were blind. Of
the children, 288,388 were disabled and 7,910 were blind.
A total of 2.8 million disabled workers were receiving Social Security
Disability Insurance benefits at the end of 1989.
The relative numbers of SSI versus SSDI recipients and the division between
blind and disabled SSI beneficiaries vary by state.
** Explanatory Notes
Data for this table come from Social Security Administration beneficiary
records. For a description of the SSI and SSDI programs, see Table 35.
Children are defined as unmarried and under the age of 18; however, students
retain their eligibility as children until the age of 21.
Eligibility for SSI and SSDI is not mutually exclusive, and the same
individual may qualify for both programs.
For a description of the SSI and SSDI programs, see Table 35.
Table 42. Persons Receiving Federally Administered Supplemental Security
Income (SSI) Payments for the Blind and Disabled and Social Security
Disability Insurance (SSDI), by State 1989
Supplemental Security Income Beneficiaries (1) Disabled Workers
Receiving
Children Adults Social Security
Disability
State Total Blind Disabled Blind (2) Disabled (2) Insurance
Total 3,154,016 7,910 288,388 74,855 2,782,863 2,886,590
Alabama (3) 79,893 105 8,111 1,593 70,084 65,080
Alaska (3) 3,228 12 332 80 2,804 2,740
Arizona (3) 29,978 79 3,622 617 25,660 40,450
Arkansas 46,001 122 5,049 1,143 39,687 43,400
California 508,759 1,372 26,804 19,790 460,793 265,540
Colorado (3) 26,858 62 3,281 383 23,132 32,000
Connecticut (3) 23,859 77 1,940 403 21,439 29,680
Delaware 6,017 11 693 122 5,191 7,390
District of 12,548 12 913 205 11,418 5,730
Columbia
Florida 129,979 290 13,299 2,876 113,514 154,670
Georgia 104,709 181 9,205 2,499 92,824 88,500
Hawaii 7,791 24 509 162 7,096 7,410
Idaho (3) 7,740 36 1,110 119 6,475 9,740
Illinois (3) 134,004 280 12,671 2,114 118,939 116,990
Indiana (3) 46,309 169 5,775 1,012 39,353 67,470
Iowa 23,794 159 2,606 912 20,117 29,860
Kansas 18,238 60 2,140 304 15,734 23,050
Kentucky (3) 79,878 132 6,636 1,832 71,278 64,640
Louisiana 88,386 234 11,856 2,023 74,273 59,560
Maine 16,064 29 1,066 240 14,729 16,990
Maryland 43,033 84 3,549 708 38,692 39,370
Massachusetts 67,890 470 5,516 4,048 57,856 64,460
Michigan 109,218 242 9,176 1,932 97,860 113,110
Minnesota (3) 28,383 120 2,732 535 24,996 36,790
Mississippi 69,432 102 7,706 1,565 60,059 48,410
Missouri (3) 59,666 130 5,912 1,015 52,609 69,040
Montana 7,568 19 887 106 6,556 10,800
Nebraska (3) 11,590 43 1,580 206 9,761 14,320
Nevada 6,310 58 795 450 5,007 12,130
New Hampshire (3) 5,129 11 488 86 4,544 10,080
New Jersey 70,674 130 7,297 1,054 62,193 78,440
New Mexico (3) 20,394 54 2,192 527 17,621 16,470
New York 275,953 392 25,209 3,570 246,782 200,120
North Carolina(3) 95,444 208 7,730 2,416 85,090 96,700
North Dakota (4) 5,175 11 501 71 4,592 6,120
Ohio 123,926 354 13,113 2,096 108,363 132,120
Oklahoma (3) 38,487 109 3,618 846 33,914 34,870
Oregon (3) 23,361 79 2,336 849 20,457 30,120
Pennsylvania 138,939 308 13,706 2,594 122,331 136,880
Rhode Island 11,911 26 992 182 10,711 12,620
South Carolina(3) 59,105 172 5,547 1,618 51,768 53,360
South Dakota 6,787 29 1,016 123 5,619 7,870
Tennessee 93,203 174 7,773 1,779 83,477 75,500
Texas (4) 163,375 636 21,096 4,409 137,235 138,820
Utah 9,532 64 1,450 189 7,829 11,140
Vermont 7,072 11 440 102 6,519 6,380
Virginia (3) 62,636 136 5,117 1,351 56,032 67,800
Washington 45,969 95 4,138 701 41,035 47,790
West Virginia (4) 36,371 74 2,892 595 32,810 36,060
Wisconsin 60,543 116 5,963 1,000 53,464 56,260
Wyoming (3) 2,447 7 303 45 2,092 4,110
Other 460 (5) 19 (5) 441 (5) 87,640 (6)
1. Includes persons with Federal SSI payments and/or federally
administered State supplementation, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Includes approximately 22,200 blind and 565,000 disabled persons
aged 65 or older.
3. Federal SSI payments only. State has State-administered
supplementation.
4. Federal SSI payments only. State supplementary payments not
made.
5. Includes adults and children. Includes SSI Blind Beneficiaries:
14 Northern Mariana Islands and 5 unknown; SSI Disabled:
269 Northern Mariana Islands and 172 unknown.
6. Includes OASDI Disability workers: 390 American Samoa, 320 Guam,
75,460 Puerto Rico, 590 Virgin Islands, 10,490 abroad, and 390 unknown.
Source: Social Security Administration, Social Security Bulletin
Annual Statistical Supplement, 1990, Tables 5.J2, 9.B1, and 9.B8.
Table 43.Patient Movement and Caseload for Inpatient Treatment in State and
County Mental Hospitals, by State: 1986
** Highlights
At the end of 1986, there were 239,429 persons receiving mental health
inpatient and residential treatment. This contrasts with 1.8 million
additions during the course of that year. The reason for the large
difference in these two figures is that most inpatient stays are relatively
short, with a median of only 15 days in 1986.
Relative to the total U.S. civilian population, the mental health inpatients
at the end of 1986 constituted a rate of 98.7 per 100,000, while the rate for
additions was 753. These rates varied considerably among the individual
states.
** Explanatory Notes
Data were collected by the National Institute of Mental Health, Division of
Biometry and Applied Sciences from all federal, state, and private facilities
providing inpatient mental health treatment services. For a description of
this source, see Table 30. The figures in Table 43 come from a facilities
inventory and differ somewhat from the figures in Tables 30-32 which are
based on a client/patient sample survey.
Rates per 100,000 population are computed from civilian population statistics
estimated as of July 1, 1986 by the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
Table 43. Number of Inpatient and Residential Treatment Residents
and Additions and Rate Per 100,000 Civilian Population by State, 1986
Rate per 100,000
Civilian Resident Population
Additions Inpatients at Inpatients at
During Year End of Year Additions End of Year
State
Total United States 1,828,427 239,429 753.0 98.7
Excluding Territories 1,819,189 237,845 759.9 99.6
Alabama 31,854 3,893 790.9 96.5
Alaska 2,762 259 542.7 51.0
Arizona 15,755 2,679 478.5 81.4
Arkansas 16,363 1,267 692.8 53.6
California 192,022 19,876 719.9 74.5
Colorado 18,405 2,725 571.0 84.4
Connecticut 28,348 4,742 893.4 149.5
Delaware 5,216 711 830.6 113.2
District of Columbia 11,691 1,947 1,888.6 314.5
Florida 92,187 9,669 796.6 83.4
Georgia 69,383 5,529 1,150.3 91.6
Hawaii 6,278 500 625.3 49.8
Idaho 3,839 421 385.4 42.2
Illinois 95,158 8,938 826.6 77.6
Indiana 40,949 5,220 745.0 95.0
Iowa 25,675 2,525 901.0 88.5
Kansas 22,212 2,895 912.1 118.8
Kentucky 29,500 2,600 805.3 70.4
Louisiana 25,475 3,763 569.5 84.2
Maine 12,944 1,356 1,112.0 116.6
Maryland 28,659 5,024 649.6 114.0
Massachusetts 54,209 11,539 931.8 198.2
Michigan 58,961 10,389 645.4 113.7
Minnesota 35,038 5,136 831.8 122.1
Mississippi 14,872 2,148 571.2 82.5
Missouri 48,871 4,929 967.8 97.6
Montana 8,553 550 1,049.5 67.5
Nebraska 14,699 1,289 927.3 81.3
Nevada 5,623 341 590.1 35.8
New Hampshire 6,946 1,020 680.4 100.0
New Jersey 44,141 7,003 580.9 92.2
New Mexico 7,988 702 546.5 48.0
New York 131,147 33,086 739.0 186.5
North Carolina 66,144 5,768 1,062.2 92.6
North Dakota 5,190 589 776.9 88.2
Ohio 82,560 9,358 768.9 87.2
Oklahoma 20,172 1,752 616.5 53.6
Oregon 17,649 2,037 654.6 75.5
Pennsylvania 86,899 14,440 731.7 121.6
Rhode Island 6,253 661 645.9 68.4
South Carolina 19,337 2,675 583.9 80.8
South Dakota 5,835 888 831.1 126.4
Tennessee 39,211 3,918 819.8 81.9
Texas 114,484 12,954 692.1 78.4
Utah 10,252 1,085 618.0 65.4
Vermont 3,484 488 644.0 90.2
Virginia 48,950 7,063 871.6 125.8
Washington 28,292 2,803 642.2 63.6
West Virginia 14,052 1,264 732.7 65.9
Wisconsin 39,553 4,456 826.9 93.2
Wyoming 5,149 975 1,023.7 193.9
Guam -- 20 -- 15.7
Puerto Rico 9,232 1,547 282.0 47.2
Virgin Islands 6 17 5.5 16.3
Source: National Institute of Mental Health, Mental Health, United States,
1990, Tables 1.17, Part A; 1.17, Part B; 1.18, Part A; 1.21,
Part A and 1.21, Part B. The 1986 population figures for rate
computation were provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
Table 44.Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental Retardation: United
States, 1988
** Highlights
As Table 44 A shows, there were 171,414 residents in non-state facilities and
97,357 in state facilities for the mentally retarded in 1988. Most non-state
facility residents were in relatively small settings of 1-15 beds.
Conversely, most residents of state facilities were in large institutions
with more than 15 beds.
Table 44 B shows that there were 36,420 facilities in 1988, most of which
were in the relatively small, non-state category with 1-15 beds. Small state
facilities (15 or less) were more numerous than large state facilities (16 or
more); however, these small state facilities were concentrated in only a few
states. There are 35 states which offered no state run facilities designed
for 15 or fewer residents.
As Table 44 C shows, the total population of persons with mental retardation
in both private and state residential care facilities as of June 30, 1988 was
268,771. The majority of residential placements were in non-state operated
facilities (63.8 percent), and slightly less than half were in relatively
small facilities with 1-15 beds. Nation-wide, there was an average of 7.4
residents per facility. The large state facilities had an average of 309
residents each. In contrast, the large non-state facilities averaged only 42
persons each.
Considerable variation occurred among the states relative to each other and
these national patterns.
** Explanatory Notes
Data for this table were collected by the Center for Residential and
Community Services, University of Minnesota. The survey, supported by a
grant from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration
on Developmental Disabilities, was first conducted in 1978. At that time,
the survey population was limited to state- operated residential facilities.
In 1986 the survey was expanded to include non-state, i.e., private and
county facilities offering around-the-clock care. The 1988 population frame
was again increased to collect information from those residential facilities
which offered less than full around-the-clock care.
The data were collected through a mail survey with telephone follow-up.
State data are compiled by the state's mental retardation/developmental
disabilities program director or other designated agency personnel. Item
response rates for both state and non-state facilities averaged 96 percent.
The period of coverage for the survey is as of June 30, 1988; however, two
states, Arizona and Massachusetts, could only make data available through
June 30, 1987. The figures reflect variations in state record keeping and
reporting protocols. The university does not believe that any of the
differences affect the validity of national estimates. The totals in this
table differ from those in Table 33 due, in part, to exclusion by the
National Medical Expenditure Survey of facilities with less than three
residents.
Table 44 A. Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental Retardation, 1988
Residents
Non-state State
State 1-15 Beds 16+ Beds Total 1-15 Beds 16+ Beds Total
Alabama 777(e) 110 887 0 1,333 1,333
Alaska 282 0 282 0 57 57
Arizona 1,751(e) 0(e) 1,751 78(e) 388(e) 466
Arkansas 545 261 806 12 1,302 1,314
California 17,457 6,714 24,171 0 6,826 6,826
Colorado 1,877 346 2,223 274 529 803
Connecticut 2,405 59 2,464 394 2,137 2,531
Delaware 314 0 314 0 374 374
District of Columbia 729 21 750 0 256 256
Florida 3,470 2,881 6,351 0 2,019 2,019
Georgia 1,351 209 1,560 0 2,058 2,058
Hawaii 239 0 239 0 210 210
Idaho 1,021(e) 55(e) 1,076 0 236 236
Illinois 4,149 7,218 11,367 0 4,482 4,482
Indiana 3,146 563 3,709 0 2,015 2,015
Iowa 2,165 1,196 3,361 0 1,056 1,056
Kansas 2,251 681 2,932 0 1,237 1,237
Kentucky 581 513 1,094 0 757 757
Louisiana 1,959 1,652 3,611 30 2,789 2,819
Maine 1,427 321 1,748 24 290 314
Maryland 2,802 80 2,882 11 1,418 1,429
Massachusetts 3,738(e) 63(e) 3,801 24(e) 3,367(e) 3,391
Michigan 5,778 580 6,358 0 1,436 1,436
Minnesota 5,464 2,193 7,657 28 1,471 1,499
Mississippi 165 605 770 184 1,505 1,689
Missouri 2,598 920 3,518 15 1,889 1,904
Montana 978 0 978 0 243 243
Nebraska 1,601 328 1,929 0 472 472
Nevada 292 0 292 0 173 173
New Hampshire 931 0 931 0 144 144
New Jersey 3,002 70(e) 3,092 0 5,234 5,234
New Mexico 832 0 832 0 507 507
New York 12,977 1,293 14,270 3,757 9,507 13,264
North Carolina 1,792 546 2,338 0 2,845 2,845
North Dakota 1,122 67 1,189 11 316 327
Ohio 5,576 4,618 10,194 0 2,888 2,888
Oklahoma 804 2,056 2,860 0 1,186 1,186
Oregon 1,778 429 2,207 0 1,098 1,098
Pennsylvania 7,485 2,930 10,415 0 4,606 4,606
Rhode Island 949 15 964 174 261 435
South Carolina 1,312 76 1388 9 2,437 2,446
South Dakota 1,081 0 1,081 0 434 434
Tennessee 1,496 226 1,722 0 2,017 2,017
Texas 1,928 2,780 4,708 629 7,933 8,562
Utah 789 415 1,204 0 533 533
Vermont 381 0 381 0 186 186
Virginia 1,152 282 1,434 0 2,774 2,774
Washington 3,262(e) 859 4,121 0 1,801 1,801
West Virginia 540 94 634 0 456 456
Wisconsin 4,676 1,582 6,258 0 1,796 1,796
Wyoming 310(e) 0 310 0 419 419
U.S. Total 125,507 45,907 171,414 5,654 91,703 97,357
Note: (e) signifies state estimate.
Source: Lakin, K.C., White, C.C., Hill, B.K., Bruininks, R.H., and
Wright, E.A. "Longitudinal Change and Interstate Variability
in the Size of Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental
Retardation." Mental Retardation, Vol. 28, No. 6, December
1990, 349.
Table 44 B. Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental Retardation:
United States, 1988
Facilities
Non-state State Total
State 1-15 Beds 16+ Beds 1-15 Beds 16+ Beds Facilities
Alabama 176 2 0 5 183
Alaska 138 0 0 1 139
Arizona 460(e) 0(e) 14(e) 3 477
Arkansas 57 10 1 6 74
California 4,013(e) 170 0 7 4,190
Colorado 430(e) 6 36 3 475
Connecticut 993 3 65 13 1,074
Delaware 141 0 0 1 142
District of Columbia 180 7 0 1 188
Florida 736 80 0 6 822
Georgia 679 3 0 8 690
Hawaii 132 0 0 2 134
Idaho 352(e) 2 0 1 355
Illinois 1,011(e) 117 0 13 1,141
Indiana 948 6 0 9 963
Iowa 413(e) 27 0 2 442
Kansas 299 11 0 4 314
Kentucky 269 6 0 4 279
Louisiana 484(e) 16 5 9 514
Maine 469 20(e) 2 2 493
Maryland 1,009 3 1 7 1,020
Massachusetts 986(e) 16(e) 3(e) 7(e) 1,012
Michigan 1,328(e) 6 0 8 1,342
Minnesota 1,387(e) 49 7 7 1,450
Mississippi 40(e) 5 28 5 78
Missouri 548(e) 30 2 10 590
Montana 432(e) 0 0 2 434
Nebraska 573(e) 2 0 1 576
Nevada 85 0 0 2 87
New Hampshire 325 0 0 2 327
New Jersey 998 2 0 9 1,009
New Mexico 131(e) 0 0 2 133
New York 3,281 40 469 37 3,827
North Carolina 487(e) 9 0 6 502
North Dakota 331(e) 3 1 1 336
Ohio 1,226 102 0 20 1,348
Oklahoma 181 23 0 3 207
Oregon 287(e) 17 0 2 306
Pennsylvania 3,056 162 0 14 3,232
Rhode Island 263 1 21 2 287
South Carolina 357 3 1 5 366
South Dakota 235 0 0 2 237
Tennessee 332(e) 5 0 5 342
Texas 481(e) 52 103 17 653
Utah 182 10 0 1 193
Vermont 167(e) 0 0 1 168
Virginia 178 15 0 5 198
Washington 904(e) 25 0 6 935
West Virginia 324 4 0 3 331
Wisconsin 1,700 20 0 3 1,723
Wyoming 81(e) 0 0 1 82
U.S. Total 34,275 1,090 759 296 36,420
Note: (e) signifies state estimate.
Source: Lakin, K.C., White, C.C., Hill, B.K., Bruininks, R.H., and
Wright, E.A. "Longitudinal Change and Interstate Variability
in the Size of Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental
Retardation." Mental Retardation, Vol. 28, No. 6, December
1990, 349.
Table 44 C. Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental Retardation, 1988
% Residents Average
Total % Residents in 1-15 Bed Residents
Residents in Non-state Facilities per Facility
State
Alabama 2,220 40.0 35.0 12.1
Alaska 339 83.2 83.2 2.4
Arizona 2,217 79.0 82.5 4.6
Arkansas 2,120 38.0 26.3 28.6
California 30,997 78.0 56.3 7.4
Colorado 3,026 73.5 71.1 6.4
Connecticut 4,995 49.3 56.0 4.7
Delaware 688 45.6 45.6 4.8
District of Columbia 1,006 74.6 72.5 5.4
Florida 8,370 75.9 41.5 10.2
Georgia 3,618 43.1 37.3 5.2
Hawaii 449 53.2 53.2 3.4
Idaho 1,312 82.0 77.8 3.7
Illinois 15,849 71.7 26.2 13.9
Indiana 5,274 64.8 55.0 5.9
Iowa 4,417 76.1 49.0 10.0
Kansas 4,169 70.3 54.0 13.3
Kentucky 1,851 59.1 31.4 6.6
Louisiana 6,430 56.2 30.9 12.5
Maine 2,062 84.8 70.4 4.2
Maryland 4,311 66.9 65.3 4.2
Massachusetts 7,192 52.9 52.3 7.1
Michigan 7,794 81.6 74.1 5.8
Minnesota 9,156 83.6 60.0 6.3
Mississippi 2,459 31.3 14.2 31.5
Missouri 5,422 64.9 48.2 9.2
Montana 1,221 80.1 80.1 2.8
Nebraska 2,401 80.3 66.7 4.2
Nevada 465 62.8 62.8 5.3
New Hampshire 1,075 86.6 86.6 3.3
New Jersey 8,326 37.1 36.3 8.3
New Mexico 1,339 62.1 62.1 10.1
New York 27,534 51.8 60.8 7.2
North Carolina 5,183 45.1 34.6 10.3
North Dakota 1,516 78.4 74.7 4.5
Ohio 13,082 77.9 42.6 9.7
Oklahoma 4,046 70.7 19.9 19.5
Oregon 3,305 66.8 53.8 10.8
Pennsylvania 15,021 69.3 49.8 4.6
Rhode Island 1,399 68.9 80.3 4.9
South Carolina 3,834 36.2 34.5 10.5
South Dakota 1,515 71.4 71.4 6.4
Tennessee 3,739 46.1 40.0 10.9
Texas 13,270 35.5 19.3 20.3
Utah 1,737 69.3 45.4 9.0
Vermont 567 67.2 67.2 3.4
Virginia 4,208 34.1 27.4 21.3
Washington 5,922 69.6 55.1 6.3
West Virginia 1,090 58.2 49.5 3.3
Wisconsin 8,054 77.7 58.1 4.7
Wyoming 729 42.5 42.5 8.9
U.S. Total 268,771 63.8 48.8 7.4
Source: Lakin, K.C., White, C.C., Hill, B.K., Bruininks, R.H., and
Wright, E.A. "Longitudinal Change and Interstate Variability
in the Size of Residential Facilities for Persons with Mental
Retardation." Mental Retardation, Vol. 28, No. 6, December
1990, 349.
Table 45.Work Disability and Labor Force Status of Non-Institutionalized
Persons 16-64, by State: April 1980
** Highlights:
In 1980, 8.6 percent of the population 16-65 years of age reported having a
work disability, including 3.25 percent who were in the labor force (either
employed or looking for work). The remaining were not in the labor force,
most of whom were prevented from working.
Considerable variation occurred among the states in these patterns. The
highest rates of work disability were in the South and the lowest rates were
in the West North Central and Mountain states.
** Explanatory Notes
The data for this table were collected in the 1980 Census of Population,
conducted in April 1980. Questions work disabilities were administered to a
nineteen percent sample of households. Disabilities were defined as "a
physical, mental, or other health condition which has lasted for six or more
months and which: (a) limits the kind or amount of work this person can do at
a job, (b) prevents this person from working at a job..." For other work
disability figures, see Tables 22-25.
Considerable new information on disability was collected by the Census Bureau
in 1990, which is scheduled for release beginning in late 1992.
Table 45. Work Disability and Labor Force Status of
Non-Institutionalized Persons 16-64, by State: April 1980
Noninstitutionalized Persons 16-64
***** Percent Reporting Work Disability *****
Not in Labor Force
Prevented
Total In Labor Able from
Number Total Force to Work Working
State
United States, Total 144,560,822 8.58 3.25 0.90 4.43
Alabama 2,426,576 10.59 3.33 1.03 6.22
Alaska 274,019 5.40 2.84 0.73 1.83
Arizona 1,710,015 9.07 3.47 1.12 4.48
Arkansas 1,380,343 12.73 4.13 1.26 7.33
California 15,610,807 8.19 3.17 0.88 4.15
Colorado 1,927,480 7.23 3.47 0.89 2.87
Connecticut 2,022,407 6.51 2.88 0.73 2.90
Delaware 389,196 7.91 3.22 0.89 3.81
District of Columbia 437,788 9.88 3.37 1.23 5.28
Florida 5,982,901 9.93 3.42 1.11 5.40
Georgia 3,481,650 10.36 3.60 0.96 5.80
Hawaii 644,993 5.92 2.58 0.78 2.55
Idaho 575,405 8.74 4.16 1.05 3.53
Illinois 7,298,682 7.26 2.93 0.81 3.51
Indiana 3,473,591 7.98 3.36 0.88 3.75
Iowa 1,796,809 7.24 3.42 0.85 2.96
Kansas 1,479,791 7.61 3.60 0.86 3.15
Kentucky 2,292,066 11.39 3.50 1.05 6.84
Louisiana 2,616,035 9.56 3.20 0.92 5.44
Maine 700,315 9.75 3.74 1.04 4.96
Maryland 2,798,663 8.00 3.19 0.91 3.90
Massachusetts 3,710,159 7.29 2.94 0.75 3.61
Michigan 5,916,060 9.28 3.62 1.07 4.58
Minnesota 2,563,841 7.04 3.58 0.86 2.60
Mississippi 1,509,014 11.76 3.62 1.08 7.06
Missouri 3,069,087 9.13 3.54 0.97 4.62
Montana 497,946 8.14 3.82 1.08 3.24
Nebraska 968,836 7.01 3.50 0.79 2.73
Nevada 545,153 7.80 3.84 0.83 3.13
New Hampshire 591,095 7.51 3.41 0.78 3.31
New Jersey 4,765,766 6.86 2.56 0.70 3.60
New Mexico 820,401 8.17 3.00 0.94 4.23
New York 11,271,775 7.68 2.52 0.80 4.36
North Carolina 3,808,398 9.75 3.56 0.91 5.29
North Dakota 402,349 6.70 3.31 0.87 2.52
Ohio 6,891,633 8.80 3.35 0.90 4.56
Oklahoma 1,889,020 10.76 4.16 1.18 5.41
Oregon 1,686,245 9.85 4.57 1.27 4.01
Pennsylvania 7,589,547 8.47 2.92 0.90 4.65
Rhode Island 607,367 8.63 3.40 0.79 4.45
South Carolina 1,999,332 9.81 3.36 0.86 5.59
South Dakota 417,867 7.56 3.82 0.87 2.87
Tennessee 2,924,804 10.37 3.35 0.97 6.06
Texas 9,034,363 7.84 3.19 0.76 3.89
Utah 860,162 7.54 3.74 1.07 2.73
Vermont 325,524 8.51 3.50 0.87 4.15
Virginia 3,540,722 8.44 3.08 0.93 4.43
Washington 2,690,196 8.76 3.96 1.15 3.65
West Virginia 1,214,538 12.34 3.26 1.15 7.92
Wisconsin 2,948,090 6.76 3.07 0.77 2.93 Wyoming 301,618 6.14 3.24 0.74 2.16
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980 Census of Population; prepared
from data reported in Advance Estimates of Social, Economic, and
Housing Characteristics, parts 1-51.
Note: The considerably expanded 1990 Census figures on
disability should be available beginning in late 1992.
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